Stuxnet is a Windows-specific computer worm first discovered in July 2010 by VirusBlokAda, a security firm based in Belarus.
While it is not the first time that hackers have targeted industrial systems, it is the first discovered worm that spies on and reprograms industrial systems,and the first to include a programmable logic controller (PLC) rootkit. It was specifically written to attack Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems used to control and monitor industrial processes. Stuxnet includes the capability to reprogram the PLCs and hide its changes.
The complexity of the software is very unusual for malware, and consists of attacks against three different systems:
The Windows operating system,
An industrial software application that runs on Windows, and
A Siemens programmable logic controller (PLC).
The attack requires in-depth knowledge of industrial processes and an interest in attacking industrial infrastructure.
These capabilities would have required a team of people to program, as well as check that the malware would not crash the PLCs. Eric Byres, who has years of experience maintaining and troubleshooting Siemens systems, told Wired that writing the code would have taken many man-months, if not years.
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http://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2010-071400-3123-99